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=== Encyclopædia Britannica 1911 ===
{{Citation|Higher technical training in France. In France, the institutions in which the highest technical instruction is given are concentrated in the capital. There are a large number of provincial colleges such as the École Centrale at Lyon, the École des Mineurs at St Étienne and the Institut du Nord at Lille, where the education is somewhat more practical, but where the mathematical and scientific teaching is not carried to so high a point. Several of the French provincial colleges in which the higher forms of technical instruction are well developed became in 1898, under the law of 1896, separate universities. The École Centrale of Paris, in which the majority of French engineers who are not employed in the government service are trained, is a rare instance of an institution for higher technical instruction which is self-supporting and independent of government aid. Other special institutions in Paris, some of which are associated with the university of Paris, are the École des Mines, the École des Ponts et Chaussées, and the Collège de France, an old foundation in which facilities are afforded for the highest scientific research.}}
{{Réf Livre|langue=en|titre=Technical Education|auteur=Philip Magnus|éditeur=Encyclopædia Britannica |collection=Volume 26|année=1911|page=1|ISBN=|s=en:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Technical Education}}
 
[[Catégorie:Métier]]